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tomcat5.0+mysql配置JDBCRealm,DBCP,ssl,及中文乱码解决详解 |
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作者：未知 来源：月光软件站 加入时间：2005-6-5 月光软件站 |
准备环境:
1.j2sdk-1_4_2-windows-i586.exe //jdk
2.mysql-4.0.20d-win.zip //mysql数据库
3.mysqlcc-0.9.4-win32.zip //mysqlGUI控制
4.jakarta-tomcat-5.0.27.exe //tomcat服务器
5.mysql-connector-java-3.0.14-production.zip //内含mysql驱动
安装步骤:
1.安装jdk
2.安装tomcat
3.安装mysql
4.安装mysqlcc
5.将驱动包解压,拷贝mysql-connector-java-3.0.14-production-bin.jar到tomcat/common/lib下
或者下载mm.mysql-2.0.14-you-must-unjar-me.jar,解压后拷贝其中的mm.mysql-2.0.14-bin.jar
Tomcat5.0配置 本例使用安装密码 198277
1.配置manager 管理应用程序
在conf/server.xml 中
添加如下
<Service name="Catalina">
...
<Context path="/manager" debug="0" privileged="true"
docBase="/usr/local/kinetic/tomcat5/server/webapps/manager">
</Context>
</Service>
限制ip访问配置
<Context path="/manager" debug="0" privileged="true"
docBase="/usr/local/kinetic/tomcat5/server/webapps/manager">
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve"
allow="127.0.0.1"/>
</Context>
测试为:http://localhost:8080/manager/html
2.配置JDBCRealm容器管理安全,以mysql-4.0数据库为例
a.拷贝驱动mm.mysql-2.0.14-bin.jar到common/lib/下
b.在数据库ycg中建表
create table users (
user_name varchar(15) not null primary key,
user_pass varchar(15) not null
);
create table user_roles (
user_name varchar(15) not null,
role_name varchar(15) not null,
primary key (user_name, role_name)
);
c.修改server.xml如下(默认数据库为root,无密码,如果有形如:connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/authority?
user=dbuser&password=dbpass")
<Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JDBCRealm" debug="99"
driverName="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver"
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/ycg?user=root"
connectionName="" connectionPassword=""
userTable="users" userNameCol="user_name" userCredCol="user_pass"
userRoleTable="user_roles" roleNameCol="role_name" />
d.在数据库中添加入tomcat的默认配置数据:
+-----------+-----------+
| user_name | role_name |
+-----------+-----------+
| admin | admin |
| admin | manager |
| both | role1 |
| both | tomcat |
| role1 | role1 |
| tomcat | tomcat |
+-----------+-----------+
+-----------+-----------+
| user_name | user_pass |
+-----------+-----------+
| tomcat | tomcat |
| both | tomcat |
| role1 | tomcat |
| admin | 198277 |
+-----------+-----------+
e.启动mysql,启动tomcat,此后tomcat将从数据库中读用户规则认证.默认的conf/tomcat-users.xml失效
3.DBCP的配置
a.设置
<parameter>
<name>removeAbandoned</name>
<value>true</value>
</parameter>
可使失效的数据连接重新启用.
配套设置
<parameter>
<name>removeAbandonedTimeout</name>
<value>60</value>
</parameter>
失效时间
如果要写入日志
设置
<parameter>
<name>logAbandoned</name>
<value>true</value>
</parameter>
以上三个默认都是false
b.以mysql为例,配置数据连接池
c.配置新的用户与数据库,必须设定密码,空密码将导致连接失败
e.
指定root密码:mysqladmin -u root -h localhost password "198277"
(需修改上面的jdbcrealm设置connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/ycg?user=root&password=198277")
命令mysql进入匿名连接到服务器
密码访问
shell> mysql -h host -u user -p
Enter password: ********
//如果root没有密码,以下是不成功的.(试过了)
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO javauser@localhost
-> IDENTIFIED BY 'javadude' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> create database javatest;
mysql> use javatest;
mysql> create table testdata (
-> id int not null auto_increment primary key,
-> foo varchar(25),
-> bar int);
在conf/server.xml中<host></host>中添加
<Context path="/DBTest" docBase="DBTest"
debug="5" reloadable="true" crossContext="true">
<Logger className="org.apache.catalina.logger.FileLogger"
prefix="localhost_DBTest_log." suffix=".txt"
timestamp="true"/>
<Resource name="jdbc/TestDB"
auth="Container"
type="javax.sql.DataSource"/>
<ResourceParams name="jdbc/TestDB">
<parameter>
<name>factory</name>
<value>org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSourceFactory</value>
</parameter>
<!-- Maximum number of dB connections in pool. Make sure you
configure your mysqld max_connections large enough to handle
all of your db connections. Set to 0 for no limit.
-->
<parameter>
<name>maxActive</name>
<value>100</value>
</parameter>
<!-- Maximum number of idle dB connections to retain in pool.
Set to 0 for no limit.
-->
<parameter>
<name>maxIdle</name>
<value>30</value>
</parameter>
<!-- Maximum time to wait for a dB connection to become available
in ms, in this example 10 seconds. An Exception is thrown if
this timeout is exceeded. Set to -1 to wait indefinitely.
-->
<parameter>
<name>maxWait</name>
<value>10000</value>
</parameter>
<!-- MySQL dB username and password for dB connections -->
<parameter>
<name>username</name>
<value>javauser</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>password</name>
<value>javadude</value>
</parameter>
<!-- Class name for the old mm.mysql JDBC driver - uncomment this entry and comment next
if you want to use this driver - we recommend using Connector/J though
<parameter>
<name>driverClassName</name>
<value>org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver</value>
</parameter>
-->
<!-- Class name for the official MySQL Connector/J driver -->
<parameter>
<name>driverClassName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</parameter>
<!-- The JDBC connection url for connecting to your MySQL dB.
The autoReconnect=true argument to the url makes sure that the
mm.mysql JDBC Driver will automatically reconnect if mysqld closed the
connection. mysqld by default closes idle connections after 8 hours.
-->
<parameter>
<name>url</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/javatest?autoReconnect=true</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>removeAbandoned</name>
<value>true</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>removeAbandonedTimeout</name>
<value>60</value>
</parameter>
<parameter>
<name>logAbandoned</name>
<value>true</value>
</parameter>
</ResourceParams>
</Context>
f.在web服务中调用.配置web.xml 如:
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
version="2.4">
<description>MySQL Test App</description>
<resource-ref>
<description>DB Connection</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
g.测试用test.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql" prefix="sql" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<sql:query var="rs" dataSource="jdbc/TestDB">
select id, foo, bar from testdata
</sql:query>
<html>
<head>
<title>DB Test</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Results</h2>
<c:forEach var="row" items="${rs.rows}">
Foo ${row.foo}<br/>
Bar ${row.bar}<br/>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>
h.新建web应用
下载jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.0
copy jstl.jar and standard.jar to your web app's WEB-INF/lib
DBTest/
WEB-INF/
web.xml
lib/
jstl.jar
standard.jar
test.jsp
拷贝到webapps/ 下
i.启动mysql,tomcat
访问:
http://localhost:8080/DBTest/test.jsp
显示:
Results
Foo hello
Bar 12345
4.ssl的配置,以jdk1.4.2为例
a.进入%JAVA_HOME%\bin
运行命令:keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
以tomcat 安装密码为198277,ketool设置密码为198277为例
输入keystore密码： 198277
您的名字与姓氏是什么？
[Unknown]： ycg
您的组织单位名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nju
您的组织名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nju
您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nanjing
您所在的州或省份名称是什么？
[Unknown]： jiangsu
该单位的两字母国家代码是什么
[Unknown]： nd
CN=ycg, OU=nju, O=nju, L=nanjing, ST=jiangsu, C=nd 正确吗？
[否]： y
输入<tomcat>的主密码
（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）： 198277
b.在你的D:\Documents and Settings\的当前用户目录下可以找到.keystore文件.将其拷贝到conf/文件夹下.
c.在server.xml 中找到
<!--
<Connector port="8443"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
acceptCount="100" debug="0" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" />
-->
去掉注释
添加配置字段:keystoreFile="/conf/.keystore" keystorePass="198277"
如: <!-- Define a SSL Coyote HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8443 -->
<Connector port="8443"
maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75"
enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true"
acceptCount="100" debug="0" scheme="https" secure="true"
clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="/conf/.keystore"
keystorePass="198277"/>
d.测试为:
https://localhost:8443
e.在自己的程序中添加ssl认证方式为:
在web.xml 中<web-app></web-app>添加
<security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
<http-method>GET</http-method>
<http-method>POST</http-method>
</web-resource-collection>
<user-data-constraint>
<transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>
</user-data-constraint>
</security-constraint>
f.用上提为例就是
修改web.xml 为
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
version="2.4">
<description>MySQL Test App</description>
<security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
<http-method>GET</http-method>
<http-method>POST</http-method>
</web-resource-collection>
<user-data-constraint>
<transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>
</user-data-constraint>
</security-constraint>
<resource-ref>
<description>DB Connection</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
访问:
https://localhost:8443/DBTest/test.jsp
g.如果与2配置的jdbcRealm结合起来进行表单认证
先在user_roles表中添加user_name:ycg role_name:web-user
在users表中添加user_name:ycg user_pass:198277
然后在web.xml中添加
<auth-constraint>
<role-name>web-user</role-name>
</auth-constraint>
<login-config>
<auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
<realm-name>My Member Area</realm-name>
</login-config>
修改后的web.xml如:
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
version="2.4">
<description>MySQL Test App</description>
<security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
<http-method>GET</http-method>
<http-method>POST</http-method>
</web-resource-collection>
<auth-constraint>
<role-name>web-user</role-name>
</auth-constraint>
<user-data-constraint>
<transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee>
</user-data-constraint>
</security-constraint>
<login-config>
<auth-method>BASIC</auth-method>
<realm-name>My Member Area</realm-name>
</login-config>
<resource-ref>
<description>DB Connection</description>
<res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name>
<res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type>
<res-auth>Container</res-auth>
</resource-ref>
</web-app>
测试:
http://localhost:8080/DBTest/test.jsp
将通过ssl连接,并进行表单认证.用户密码可在user_roles,和users中添加.
5.中文乱码问题:
mysql 默认编码 iso
tomcat request 传输编码 iso
如果要显示中文
在*.jsp中添加
<head>
<%@ page
language="java"
contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
pageEncoding="GB18030"
%>
</head>
如果是数据传输中的乱码(如用servlet从mysql数据库读出的数据)
用以下两个转码函数转码,如果不清楚由哪种编码转成哪种编码,就多尝试.
//转码GBK转ISO
public String toISO(String input) {
try {
byte[] bytes = input.getBytes("GBK");
return new String(bytes,"ISO8859-1");
}catch(Exception ex) {
}
return input;
}
//转码IS0转GBK
public String toGBK(String input) {
try {
byte[] bytes = input.getBytes("ISO8859-1");
return new String(bytes,"GBK");
}catch(Exception ex) {
}
return input;
}
以上配置都测试通过.主要参考tomcat5.0的帮助文档.将过程写出来与大家共享.如果发现其中错误,请指出.
欢迎给我来信ycg01@software.nju.edu.cn共同探讨.
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